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RADIOLOGY WEBSITES : NEUROLOGY & NEURORADIOLOGY ATLASES Few Useful Atlases in Neurology & Neuroradiology
1. The Human Brain: Dissections of the Real Brain is authored by Terence H. Williams, Nedzad Gluhbegovic, and Jean Y. Jew from the University of Iowa, College of Medicine. Offered at http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/anatomy/BrainAnatomy/BrainAnatomy.html this absorbing site covers the basic topic of dissections. The sections commence with Spinal Cord and covers Meninges and Blood Vessels of the Brain, Cerebellum, Brainstem and the Cerebral Hemispheres.
2. BrainInfo at http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/mainmenu.html is a site that assists in identifying structures in the brain. The BrainInfo website consists of three basic knowledge bases: Neuro Names : an index to brain structures with narrative information; Template Atlas : atlas of structures found in brain; and NeuroMaps : several hundred overlays showing information mapped to standard maps / templates of Atlas.
3. Texas Tech Neuro Atlas at http://www.ttuhsc.edu/courses/neuro/wygrt/index.html is an useful anatomical atlas that features nearly 30 slides of the spinal cord and brain. The Atlas contains Java applets and requires Netscape 3.0 or Internet Explorer 3.0.
4. Neuroanatomy Atlas at http://nanonline.org/nandistance/nanneuro2/protect/NeuroFound/ focuses on brain structures. The material from National Academy of Neuropsychology is based on work originally developed by J. Michael Williams for Cool Springs Software. It is principally divided into two sections namely : Cerebral Hemispheres and Major Pathways.
5. Atlases of the Brain at http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/kw/brain atlas/ is a online atlas created by the Knowledge Weavers Project. The project is sponsored by Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library at University of Utah and supported by National Library of Medicine. The material is divided into five distinct sections that takes in Coronal Brain, Brain Spinal Cord, MRI Axial Brain, MRI Coronal Brain and MRI Sagittal Brain.
6. Digital Anatomist Project is available from University of Washington at http://www9.biostr.washington.edu/da.html. The site hosts its Interactive Atlases in a fascinating and futuristic style. 2-D and 3-D views of the brain from cadaver sections, MRI scans, and computer reconstructions is a Neuroanatomy atlas authored by John W. Sundsten from Dept. Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle. The material contains a) 3-D computer graphic reconstructions b) MRI scans c) tissue sections d) gross brain specimens and dissections and e) summary drawings …all covering chapters such as Vessels and Ventricles, Spinal Cord, Brainstem and Cranial Nerves, Systems, Cortical Connections etc.
7. Online Neuropathology Atlas from the Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Hungary is available at http://www.neuropat.dote.hu/atlas.html. Created by Prof. Katalin Hegedüs and Prof. László Molnár, the atlas is a searchable database containing gross, microscopic, and electron microscopic images, CT and MRI scans. The atlas covers a list of conditions such as Cerebrovascular, Infections/Demyelinating Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, Neoplasms, Degenerative Diseases, Developmental Disorders, Trauma besides having a separate section on Normal brain and Neuroanatomy Structures. Similarly an atlas of A to Z index of English name of labelled neuroanatomy structures is on hand at http://www.neuropat.dote.hu/anastru/anastru.htm.
8. The Whole Brain Atlas at http://www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB/home.html is an innovative educational website which specializes on information of the brain. The Atlas project is a product of the Departments of Radiology and Neurology at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, the Countway Library of Medicine, and the American Academy of Neurology. It is "an information resource for central nervous system imaging which integrates clinical information with magnetic resonance (MR), x-ray computed tomography (CT), and nuclear medicine images". Within the atlas, useful sections available include a Neuroimaging Primer, Top 100 Brain Structures, Normal aging and Vascular anatomy,
9. Atlas of Brain Perfusion SPECT from the Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston is accessible at http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/education/online/BrainSPECT/BrSPECT.html. Authored by B. Leonard Holman, Puneet K. Chandak and Basem M. Garada , the coverage is comprehensive, with topics ranging from the normal brain anatomy, SPECT studies, procedures and protocols, Instrumentation and Radiopharmaceuticals. A large database of cases is also available in this atlas which contains nearly 1100 files totaling 50 MB of image data.
10. Fábio Bombarda Neuroanatomy: A photographic study of the CNS is available at http://www.neuroanatomy.hpg.com.br. The site created and updated by Fábio Bombarda, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Brazil has illustrative data on brain, cerebellum, spinal cord, CNS pathways, neurohistopathology and great dissections.
Endpiece
Skull XRay films at http://www.sbu.ac.uk/~dirt/museum/skull.html is a comprehensive atlas maintained by Ian Maddison from South Bank University on various common entities encountered in radiography. The images based range from variants such as vascular diploic lakes, lacunar skull to congenital conditions, tumors, trauma etc.
Atlas Images from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences is available at http://anatomy.uams.edu/htmlpages/anatomyhtml/neuro atlas.html. The graphical illustrations are labeled and is divided into sections such as Forebrain, Midbrain and Hindbrain, Ventricular System, Blood Supply, Spinal cord, Eye.
ANOCEF's Atlas of Neuro-Oncology at http://anocef.unice.fr/atlasneuro/en/frameindex.html is authored by Jean-Marie Brucher, Marcel Chatel, Françoise Darcel and Ricardo Theaux. The ANOCEF (Association of French-speaking Neuro-oncologists) atlas is available in English, French and Spanish. The atlas is browesable by an "alphabetical index" or "index by grade" and the selected tumor entity can be seen in many formats.
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